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Wednesday, June 25, 2025

Factors responsible for success


Factors responsible for success

 Factors responsible for success

Success doesn’t happen by accident.

It’s the result of certain key factors that, when combined, create a path to achieving our goals. These factors are like building blocks—each one plays a crucial role in shaping our journey. Let’s explore some of the most important ones:

1. A Burning Desire

Success begins with a deep, burning desire to achieve something. Without this intense longing, it’s hard to stay motivated. Napoleon Hill once said, “Whatever the mind can conceive and believe, it can achieve.” There’s a famous story about Socrates and a young man. Socrates took the young man to a river and held his head underwater until he was desperate for air. When the young man gasped for breath, Socrates said, “When you want success as badly as you wanted air, you will get it.” A weak desire leads to weak results, but a burning desire fuels extraordinary achievement.

2. Commitment

Success is built on commitment—the decision to stick to your goals no matter what. It’s about integrity and staying true to your word. As Vince Lombardi said, “The quality of a person’s life is in direct proportion to their commitment to excellence.” There’s a big difference between having a preference and having a conviction. Preferences can change under pressure, but convictions grow stronger. That’s why it’s important to have strong values. They shape your convictions, and your convictions drive your commitment.

3. Responsibility

Successful people take responsibility for their actions. They don’t blame others or wait for things to happen—they make things happen. Taking responsibility means stepping out of your comfort zone, taking risks, and being accountable. It also means learning from your mistakes. When things go wrong, you can either ignore the mistake, deny it, or accept it and learn from it. The last option is the hardest, but it’s the one that leads to growth and success.

4. Hard Work

There’s no shortcut to success—it requires hard work. As Kammons Wilson, the founder of Holiday Inn, once joked, “I like to work half a day. I don’t care if it’s the first 12 hours or the second 12 hours.” Success demands effort, preparation, and self-discipline. You can’t achieve greatness by sitting back and waiting for it to come to you. Just like you can’t learn to spell by sitting on a dictionary, you can’t succeed without putting in the work.

5. Positive Believing

Positive thinking is powerful, but positive believing is even more so. Positive believing means having confidence that your efforts will pay off. It’s not just wishing for the best—it’s preparing for the best and trusting that your preparation will lead to success. Positive thoughts lead to problem-solving, while negative thoughts lead to excuses. To succeed, you need to believe in yourself and your ability to overcome challenges.

6. The Power of Persistence

Persistence is the ability to keep going, even when things get tough. It’s a decision to finish what you’ve started, no matter how hard it gets. Winners don’t quit when they’re tired—they push through the pain and keep moving forward. Persistence comes from having a clear purpose. Without purpose, life feels aimless, and it’s easy to give up. But when you have a strong “why,” you’ll find the strength to persevere.

7. Give More Than You Get Paid For

Success often comes to those who go the extra mile. When you give more than expected, you make yourself more valuable. This builds confidence, earns trust, and positions you as a leader. People notice when you put in extra effort, and it creates loyalty and cooperation around you. Whether at work or in your personal life, always think about how you can add value to what you do.

8. Think in Terms of Giving

Winners don’t just do what’s required—they do more. They think about how they can add value to others, whether it’s for customers, friends, family, or colleagues. Success isn’t just about taking—it’s about giving. When you focus on how you can contribute, you create opportunities for growth and fulfillment.

In the end, success is a combination of desire, commitment, responsibility, hard work, positive believing, persistence, and a willingness to give more than you take. These factors work together to create a life of purpose and achievement. Winners don’t just dream—they act, they persist, and they give their best, every single day.

What is success?

 


What is success?

A lot of research has gone into the subject of success and failure. When we study about the life histories of successful people, we see that they have some certain qualities in common which makes them successful in their life no matter in which period of history they lived in. If we adopt those qualities in your life, definitely you shall be successful. Success is no mystery, but simply the result of consistently applying some basic principles.

Success can be defined in many different ways. To some people, success might mean wealth. To others, it is good health, good family, happiness and peace of mind.  Success is actually a creative pursuit and a reflection of healthy self-esteem. The best definition of success is given by Earl Nightingale he said- “success is the progressive realization of a worthy goal.”

‘Progressive’ means that success is a journey not a destination. we never arrive. After we reach one goal, we go on to the next and the next. ‘Realization’ means it is an experience. No outside forces make we feel successful. we have to feel it within ourself. ‘Worthy’ refers to our value system in which way we are heading “Positive or Negative”. Worthiness determines the quality of our journey which gives us fulfilment. Success without fulfilment is empty.

Existence alone is not success! It is a lot more!

                   Do more than exist –     live

                   Do more than touch  --  feel

                   Do more than look   –   observe

                   Do more than read   --   absorb

                   Do more than hear  --     listen

                   Do more than listen  --   understand                                   

 

Some Obstacles To Success (Real or Imagined)

On the path to success, there are many hurdles that can slow us down or even stop us in our tracks. These obstacles are common, and everyone faces them at some point. The key is to recognize them and find ways to overcome them. Here are some of the most common hurdles people face:

 

1.                 Ego: When we let pride get in the way, we stop learning and growing. Ego can blind us to our mistakes and keep us from asking for help when we need it.

 

2.                 Fear: Fear of failure, fear of judgment, or even fear of success can hold us back. It can paralyze us and keep us from taking the risks necessary to move forward.

 

3.                 No Plan: Without a clear plan, it’s easy to wander aimlessly. Success requires direction and purpose.

 

4.                 Lack of Formalized Goals: Vague ideas aren’t enough. We need specific, measurable goals to track our progress and stay motivated.

 

5.                 Family Responsibilities: While family is important, balancing personal goals with family duties can be challenging. It’s easy to put our dreams on hold for others.

 

6.                 Procrastination: Putting things off until “someday” is one of the biggest enemies of success. Time waits for no one, and opportunities can slip away.

 

7.                 Life Changes: Unexpected events—like illness, job loss, or moving—can disrupt our plans. Adapting to these changes is crucial.

 

8.                 Lack of Focus: Trying to do too many things at once can scatter our energy. Success often requires concentrating on one thing at a time.

 

9.                 Being Muddled: When we’re unclear about what we want, it’s hard to take meaningful action. Clarity is the first step toward progress.

 

10.             Giving Up Vision for Money: Chasing quick money can distract us from our long-term goals. Staying true to our vision is more fulfilling in the end.

 

11.             Doing Too Much Alone: Success is rarely a solo journey. Trying to do everything ourselves can lead to burnout. Asking for help is a sign of strength, not weakness.

 

12.             Over-commitment: Saying “yes” to too many things can spread us thin. Learning to say “no” is essential to staying focused on what truly matters.

 

13.             Lack of Training: Without the right skills or knowledge, it’s hard to move forward. Continuous learning is a must.

 

14.             Lack of Persistence: Success rarely happens overnight. Giving up too soon is one of the most common reasons people fail.

 

15.             Lack of Priorities: When everything feels important, nothing truly is. Setting clear priorities helps us focus on what will make the biggest impact.

 

These hurdles are part of the journey, but they don’t have to stop us. By recognizing them and working to overcome them, we can keep moving forward, one step at a time. Success isn’t about avoiding obstacles—it’s about pushing through them.

Thursday, June 19, 2025

เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เค•ी เค…เคตเคงाเคฐเคฃा


เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เค•ी เค…เคตเคงाเคฐเคฃा

 เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เคเค• เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เค•ा เคธเคฎเค—्เคฐ เคชเคนเคฒू เคนै เคœिเคธे เคธाเคฎाเคจ्เคฏ เคฆृเคท्เคŸिเค•ोเคฃ เคธे เคฆेเค–ा เคœाเคคा เคนै। เค‡เคธเคฎें เค•िเคธी เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เค•े เคถाเคฐीเคฐिเค•, เคฎเคจोเคตैเคœ्เคžाเคจिเค• เค”เคฐ เคญाเคตเคจाเคค्เคฎเค• เคชเคนเคฒू เคถाเคฎिเคฒ เคนोเคคे เคนैं।

เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เคถเคฌ्เคฆ เค•ी เค‰เคค्เคชเคค्เคคि

เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต (Personality) เคถเคฌ्เคฆ เคฒैเคŸिเคจ เคถเคฌ्เคฆ 'Persona' เคธे เคฒिเคฏा เค—เคฏा เคนै, เคœिเคธเค•ा เคธंเคฌंเคง เคช्เคฐाเคšीเคจ เคธเคฎเคฏ เคฎें เค—्เคฐीเค• เคฅिเคเคŸเคฐ เคธे เคฅा। เค‰เคธ เคฆौเคฐ เคฎें, เคœเคฌ เค•ोเคˆ เค…เคญिเคจेเคคा เคฎंเคš เคชเคฐ เคช्เคฐเคฆเคฐ्เคถเคจ เค•เคฐเคคा เคฅा, เคคो เคตเคน เคเค• เคฎुเค–ौเคŸा (เคฎाเคธ्เค•) เคชเคนเคจเคคा เคฅा, เคœिเคธे เคชเคฐ्เคธोเคจा เค•เคนा เคœाเคคा เคฅा। เคฎुเค–ौเคŸे เค•ी เค‡เคธ เค…เคตเคงाเคฐเคฃा เค•े เค…เคจुเคธाเคฐ, เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เค•ो เค‰เคธ เคช्เคฐเคญाเคต เค•े เคฐूเคช เคฎें เคฎाเคจा เคœाเคคा เคฅा เคœो เคฎुเค–ौเคŸा เคชเคนเคจे เคนुเค เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เคฆ्เคตाเคฐा เคฆเคฐ्เคถเค•ों เคชเคฐ เค›ोเคก़ा เคœाเคคा เคฅा।

เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เค•ी เคชเคฐिเคญाเคทाเคँ

  • เคตाเคŸเคธเคจ (Watson) เค•े เค…เคจुเคธाเคฐ – "เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เค‰เคจ เคธเคญी เค—เคคिเคตिเคงिเคฏों เค•ा เคฏोเค— เคนै เคœिเคจ्เคนें เคฒंเคฌे เคธเคฎเคฏ เคคเค• เคตाเคธ्เคคเคตिเค• เค…เคตเคฒोเค•เคจ เคฆ्เคตाเคฐा เค–ोเคœा เคœा เคธเค•เคคा เคนै, เคคाเค•ि เคตिเคถ्เคตเคธเคจीเคฏ เคœाเคจเค•ाเคฐी เคช्เคฐाเคช्เคค เคนो เคธเค•े।"

  • เค†เคฐ.เคเคธ. เคตुเคกเคตเคฐ्เคฅ (R.S. Woodworth) เค•े เค…เคจुเคธाเคฐ – "เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เค•े เคธเคฎ्เคชूเคฐ्เคฃ เคต्เคฏเคตเคนाเคฐ เค•ा เค—ुเคฃ เคนै।"

  • เค†เคฐ.เคฌी. เค•ैเคŸเคฒ (R.B. Cattell) เค•े เค…เคจुเคธाเคฐ – "เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เคตเคน เคนै เคœो เคฏเคน เคญเคตिเคท्เคฏเคตाเคฃी เค•เคฐเคจे เค•ी เค…เคจुเคฎเคคि เคฆेเคคा เคนै เค•ि เค•ोเคˆ เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เค•िเคธी เคฆी เค—เคˆ เคธ्เคฅिเคคि เคฎें เค•्เคฏा เค•เคฐेเค—ा।"

เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เค•ा เค…เคฐ्เคฅ

เค‰เคชเคฐ्เคฏुเค•्เคค เคชเคฐिเคญाเคทाเค“ं เคธे เคนเคฎ เคธเคฎเค เคธเค•เคคे เคนैं เค•ि เค•िเคธी เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เค•ा เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เค‰เคธเค•े เคตिเคšाเคฐों, เคญाเคตเคจाเค“ं เค”เคฐ เค•ाเคฐ्เคฏों เค•े เคตिเคถिเคท्เคŸ เคชैเคŸเคฐ्เคจ เคธे เคฌเคจเคคा เคนै เคœो เค‰เคธे เคฆूเคธเคฐों เคธे เค…เคฒเค— เคฌเคจाเคคे เคนैं। เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เค•ुเค› เคตिเคถिเคท्เคŸ เค”เคฐ เค…เคจोเค–ा เคนोเคคा เคนै। เคฏเคน เคเค• เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เค•े เคšเคฐिเคค्เคฐ เคฎें เคชเคฐिเคตเคฐ्เคคเคจ เค”เคฐ เคธंเคถोเคงเคจ เค•ी เคช्เคฐเค•्เคฐिเคฏा เคนै, เค‡เคธเคฒिเค เคฏเคน เคธ्เคฅिเคฐ เคจเคนीं เคฌเคฒ्เค•ि เค—เคคिเคถीเคฒ เคนै। เค‡เคธเคฎें เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เค•े เคต्เคฏเคตเคนाเคฐ เคธे เคœुเคก़ी เคนเคฐ เคšीเคœ़ เคถाเคฎिเคฒ เคนोเคคी เคนै।

เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เค•ी เคฎुเค–्เคฏ เคตिเคถेเคทเคคा เค†เคค्เคฎ-เคšेเคคเคจा (Self-consciousness) เคนै। เคœเคฌ เค•िเคธी เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เค•ी เคšेเคคเคจा เคฎें 'เคธ्เคตเคฏं' เค•ा เคตिเคšाเคฐ เค†เคคा เคนै, เคคเคญी เค‰เคธे เคเค• เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เคฏा เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เคตाเคฒा เคฎाเคจा เคœाเคคा เคนै।

เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคिเคค्เคต เคธ्เคตเคฏं เค•े เคช्เคฐเคคि เค”เคฐ เคฆूเคธเคฐों เค•े เคช्เคฐเคคि เคต्เคฏเคตเคนाเคฐ เค•เคฐเคจे เค•े เคคเคฐीเค•े เค•ा เค•ुเคฒ เคฏोเค— เคญी เคนै। เคฏเคน เคฏเคน เคญी เคฌเคคाเคคा เคนै เค•ि เค•ोเคˆ เคต्เคฏเค•्เคคि เค•िเคธी เคตिเคถेเคท เคธ्เคฅिเคคि เคฎें เค•ैเคธा เคต्เคฏเคตเคนाเคฐ เค•เคฐेเค—ा เค”เคฐ เคชเคฐ्เคฏाเคตเคฐเคฃ เค•ी เคจिเคฐंเคคเคฐ เคฌเคฆเคฒเคคी เคถเค•्เคคिเคฏों เค•े เคธाเคฅ เค‰เคธเค•ा เคธเคฎाเคฏोเคœเคจ เค•ैเคธा เคนोเค—ा।



Concept of Personality

Personality is the whole aspect of an individual from general point of view. It includes a person’ physical, psychological and emotional aspects. The term personality has been derived from the Latin word ‘Persona’ that was associated with Greek theatre in ancient times. In those days when an actor performed on stage, they worn mask and it is called persona. According to the concept of mask, personality was thought to be the influence and effect which the individual wearing a mask left in the audience.

Definitions

According to Watson- “ Personality is the sum of the activities that can be discovered by actual observations over a long enough period of time to give reliable information.”

R.S. Woodworth- “Personality is the quality of the individual’s total behaviour.”

R.B. Cattle – “ Personality is that which permits a prediction of what a person will do in a given situation.”

Meaning of Personality

With the above mentioned definitions, we can understand that a person’s personality is made up of the distinctive patterns of thoughts, feelings, and actions that characterize him or her. These characteristics distinguish a person from others. Personality is something specific and unique. Personality is a process of change and modification in a person’s character, hence it is not static but dynamic. It includes everything about a person’s behaviour. The main characteristic of personality is self-consciousness. The man is described as a person or to have a personality when the idea of self enters into his consciousness.

Personality is the sum total of one’s way of behaving towards oneself and others as well. It also predicts one’s nature of behaviour as how one will behave in a particular situation and one’s pattern of adjustment to the ever-changing forces of environment.


Happy Learning!

Wednesday, April 30, 2025

Six Fundamental Sentence Patterns

 

Master the 6 Sentence Patterns: The Ultimate Grammar Hack

Want to write with confidence and clarity? The secret lies in understanding the six fundamental sentence patterns that form the backbone of English grammar. Let's break them down with clear formulas, vivid examples, and pro tips!


๐Ÿ”‘ The Core Elements

Every pattern combines these building blocks:

  • S = Subject (who/what does the action)

  • V = Verb (the action/state)

  • SC = Subject Complement (describes the subject)

  • DO = Direct Object (receives the action)

  • IO = Indirect Object (receives the DO)

  • OC = Object Complement (describes the DO)

  • AC = Adverbial Complement (where/when/how)


1️⃣ S + V (Intransitive)

The standalone action
๐Ÿš€ No object needed - the verb is complete by itself.

Examples:

  • "The baby cried."

  • "Time flies."

  • "The sun rose."

Pro Tip: These verbs express complete actions (laugh, sleep, arrive).


2️⃣ S + V + SC (Linking)

The equals sign
⚖️ Links subject to its description/identity.

Examples:

  • "She is a doctor." (SC = profession)

  • "The soup smells delicious." (SC = quality)

  • "He became president." (SC = identity)

Key Verbs: be, seem, become, appear, feel


3️⃣ S + V + DO (Transitive)

The action-receiver
๐ŸŽฏ Requires a direct object to complete meaning.

Examples:

  • "She ate the cake." (DO = cake)

  • "The storm destroyed houses." (DO = houses)

Test: Ask "What/Whom [verb]?" → "What did she eat?" → "The cake" (DO)


4️⃣ S + V + IO + DO (Ditransitive)

The gift-giver
๐Ÿคฒ Shows who benefits from the action.

Examples:

  • "I gave my sister a gift." (IO = sister, DO = gift)

  • "She told us a story." (IO = us, DO = story)

Flip Trick:
→ "I gave a gift to my sister." (IO moves after DO with "to/for")


5️⃣ S + V + DO + OC (Complex Transitive)

The object transformer
๐Ÿท️ Renames/describes the direct object.

Examples:

  • "They elected her captain." (OC = captain)

  • "We painted the door blue." (OC = blue)

Test: Can you say "[DO] is [OC]"?
→ "Her is captain." ✅


6️⃣ S + V + AC (Adverbial)

The where/when/how
๐Ÿ“ Adds essential location/time/manner info.

Examples:

  • "The train goes to London." (AC = destination)

  • "The class lasted two hours." (AC = duration)

Key Point: The AC is required—remove it, and the sentence feels incomplete!


๐Ÿ”ฅ Grammar Challenge

Label the patterns:

  1. "She called him a genius." (Hint: OC!)

  2. "The flowers bloomed in spring." (AC alert!)

Drop your answers below! ⬇️

๐Ÿ’ก Pro Writing Tip: Mix these patterns for natural, varied sentences. Now go forth and write with grammatical swagger! ✍️๐ŸŽฏ

#GrammarHacks #WritingTips #EnglishGrammar


Saturday, April 26, 2025

Subject Complement

 


  

Subject Complement



Grammar Hack: Decode Sentence Elements Like a Linguist!

Want to write with precision and flair? Master the five core sentence elements—Subject (S), Verb (V), Subject Complement (SC), Direct Object (DO), Indirect Object (IO), and Object Complement (OC).

Let’s break them down with clear formulas, real examples, and pro tips!

1️⃣ Subject Complement (SC) – The "Equals Sign" of Grammar

Formula: S + V (linking) + SC
Function: Describes or renames the Subject (always follows a linking verb).

Examples:

  • "Paul is *12*." (SC = age)

  • "She became a doctor." (SC = profession)

  • "The soup smells delicious." (SC = quality)

Pro Tip:
๐Ÿ”น Linking verbs (be, seem, appear, become, feel) don’t show action—they connect the subject to its description.

2️⃣ Direct Object (DO) – The "Action Receiver"

Formula: S + V (transitive) + DO
Function: The thing/person directly affected by the verb.

Examples:

  • "She ate the cake." (DO = cake)

  • "The storm caused damage." (DO = damage)

How to Spot It:
Ask: "What/Whom did [Subject] [Verb]?"
→ "What did she eat?" → "The cake." (DO)

3️⃣ Indirect Object (IO) – The "Beneficiary"

Formula: S + V + IO + DO
Function: The person/thing receiving the DO.

Examples:

  • "She gave her friend a gift." (IO = friend, DO = gift)

  • "He sent me a letter." (IO = me, DO = letter)

Pro Hack:
You can flip the IO using "to/for":
→ "She gave a gift to her friend."

4️⃣ Object Complement (OC) – The "Object’s Alter Ego"

Formula: S + V + DO + OC
Function: Renames/describes the Direct Object.

Examples:

  • "They elected her president." (OC = president)

  • "The dye turned the water blue." (OC = blue)

Test It:
If you can say "[DO] is [OC]", it’s an OC!
→ "She is president." ✅
→ "The water is blue." ✅


๐Ÿ”ฅ Grammar Challenge: Spot the Difference!

Pattern 4 (IO + DO):

  • "She made him coffee." (IO = him, DO = coffee)

Pattern 5 (DO + OC):

  • "She made him angry." (OC = angry)

Why?

  • "She made coffee for him." (✅ IO)

  • "She made angry for him." (❌ Nonsense! "Him is angry." = OC)


Final Pro Tips

✔ Linking verbs need SCs (not DOs!).
✔ Transitive verbs demand DOs.
✔ IOs always come before DOs (unless flipped with to/for).
✔ OCs describe DOs—think of them as DO’s twin.

Now, try labeling these:

  1. "The jury declared the defendant innocent." (OC? DO?)

  2. "She wrote her mom a letter." (IO? DO?)

Drop your answers below! ๐Ÿ‘‡ #GrammarHacks #englishlanguage #grammer #easygrammerlessons 

Verb Types

Verb Types


 Grammar Hack: Master Sentence Patterns Like a Pro


"Crack the code with 3 verb types."

Struggling to craft clear, powerful sentences? The secret lies in understanding verb types—the hidden architects of every sentence. Whether you're writing an essay, a report, or even a tweet, nailing these patterns will level up your syntax game. Let’s break it down.

1. Intransitive Verbs: The Solo Players ๐ŸŽค

An intransitive verb doesn’t need backup—it stands strong with just a Subject (S) and a Verb (V). No extras required.

๐Ÿ”น Amy laughed.
๐Ÿ”น The temperature dropped.

Pattern: S + V
These verbs are self-sufficient. No drama, no clutter.

2. Linking Verbs: The Connectors ⛓️

Linking verbs (be, seem, become, appear) don’t show action—they bridge the subject to its Subject Complement (SC), describing or renaming it.

๐Ÿ”น Paul is 12.
๐Ÿ”น She looks exhausted.

Pattern: S + V + SC
Think of them as the grammatical equals sign (=).

3. Transitive Verbs: The Team Players ๐Ÿค

Transitive verbs demand a Direct Object (DO)—something or someone receiving the action. Without it, the sentence feels incomplete.

๐Ÿ”น The soldiers destroyed the village.
๐Ÿ”น Jim bought a new house.

Pattern: S + V + DO
Pro tip: Many verbs toggle between intransitive & transitive (The children grew vs. The children grew flowers). Context is key!

Why This Matters

  • Clarity: Avoid awkward fragments ("The soldiers destroyed." → Destroyed what?).

  • Precision: Choose verbs that match your intended structure.

  • Flow: Mix patterns for rhythmic, engaging writing.

Grammar Hack: Next time you write, label your sentence patterns. Spot the verbs, identify their needs, and watch your sentences sharpen.

๐Ÿ“Œ TL;DR:

  • S + V = Intransitive (no object)

  • S + V + SC = Linking (subject = complement)

  • S + V + DO = Transitive (action + receiver)

Master these, and you’ll write with the confidence of a linguistics professor. ๐ŸŽ“✨

Drop a sentence in the comments—let’s dissect it together! ⬇️

Wednesday, April 23, 2025

Identifying the Subject of a Sentence






watch full video for better understanding


 The Subject (S) of a sentence is the person, thing, or idea that performs the action or about which something is stated. It can often be found by asking "Who?" or "What?" before the verb.

Examples:

  1. Amy laughed.

    • Q: Who laughed? → A: Amy (Subject)

  2. The house is very old.

    • Q: What is very old? → A: The house (Subject)

Tests to Identify the Subject

1. The Inversion Test

In a statement (declarative sentence), the Subject comes before the verb.

  • Statement: James (S) is (V) at school.
    When we change it into a question (interrogative sentence), the Subject and verb switch places (invert).

  • Question: Is (V) James (S) at school?

2. The Tag Question Test

tag question is a short question added at the end of a statement. The Subject of the tag question refers back to the Subject of the main sentence.

  • Example 1: Paul is getting big, isn’t he?

    • He refers back to Paul, so Paul is the Subject.

  • Example 2: The children seem busy, don’t they?

    • They refers back to the children, so the children is the Subject.

This test also works for complex sentences:

  • It was Paul who sent the note, wasn’t it?

    • Here, the Subject is it.

3. The Agreement Test

The Subject and verb must agree in number (singular/plural) in the present tense.

Singular SubjectPlural Subject
The dog barks.The dogs bark.

However:

  • Past tense verbs do not change with the Subject:

    • The dog barked. / The dogs barked.

  • First-person (I, we) and second-person (you) Subjects use the same verb form:

    • I sleep. / We sleep.

This test works only for third-person Subjects (he, she, it, they, names, nouns) in the present tense.

Conclusion

By using "Who?" / "What?" questionsinversiontag questions, and verb agreement, we can easily identify the Subject of a sentence.

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